Programming Languages
It is recommended to stick with a small set of popular and established programming languages & frameworks within a company. This is important because it maximise proficiency within these languages and avoids the risk of language skill isolation (e.g. if too many different languages/frameworks across a small user base).
Below is a list of recommended programming languages and frameworks.
JavaScript
JavaScript is the most popular programming language today and is the primary language used in web browsers and also popular for back-end logic with NodeJS. It has a huge ecosystem with npm and the several popular frameworks on built with JavaScript. Primarily used for building Web Applications on the front-end and back-end.
Python
Python is one of the fastest growing languages over the past 12-18 months because of the growth in data science and machine learning. Python is easy to pick and very powerful with a strong ecosystem.
R
R is a popular programming language and software environment for statistical computing, mostly used by statisticians and data miners.
PHP
PHP is still the most popular back-end programming language on the web today. The most popular web platforms on are built with PHP including WordPress and Drupal.
SQL
As data is so important in the digital world, SQL is a vital skill for querying and structuring large datasets. All data driven applications use some kind of database and most use SQL. There are also Non-SQL databases which are more useful when data integrity is less important.
BASH
Bash is a command processor that typically runs in a text window where the user types commands that cause actions. It is a vital skill for modern development.
HTML
HTML is a markup language and it backbone of the web on the front-end. Quick and easy to learn the basics. A must skill for anyone developing for the web.
CSS
CSS is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML. Learning the basics of CSS is a core skill for anyone developing for the web.